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Kit #(.{1,7})$"},{"phrase":"#Haplogroup: (confirmed)","candidate":"#Haplogroup: ","variables":[""],"regex":"^#Haplogroup: (.{1,9}) \\(confirmed\\)$"},{"phrase":"#Test results received Kit # ","candidate":"#Test results received Kit # ","variables":[""],"regex":"^#Test results received Kit # (.{1,8})$"},{"phrase":"#Test results received. Kit#","candidate":"#Test results received. Kit#","variables":[""],"regex":"^#Test results received\\. Kit#(.{1,8})$"},{"phrase":"#Group #","candidate":"#Group #","variables":[""],"regex":"^#Group #(.{1,4})$"},{"phrase":"#Country Report: Y-DNA Haplogroup ","candidate":"#Country Report: Y-DNA Haplogroup ","variables":[""],"regex":"^#Country Report: Y\\-DNA Haplogroup (.{1,8})$"}],"allowComplexCssSelectors":false,"blockedClasses":["disable-translation"],"blockedIds":false,"phraseDetection":true,"customDomainSettings":[],"seoSetting":[],"translateSource":false,"overage":false,"detectPhraseFromAllLanguage":false,"googleAnalytics":false,"mixpanel":false,"heap":false,"sdkAnalytics":true,"disableDateLocalization":false,"ignoreCurrencyInTranslation":false,"blockedComplexSelectors":[]},"version":389866},{"_id":"en","source":"en","pluralFn":"return n != 1 ? 1 : 0;","pluralForm":2,"dictionary":{},"version":389866},{"_id":"outdated","outdated":{"#This project is dedicated to Cuban genealogy and family research.

To Join the Cuba Project, sign into your Family Tree DNA account, click on the JOIN button above and proceed as directed.

You may also ask to join by contacting the Group Administrators listed at the left column of this page.
-------------------------------------------------------

The island of Cuba is at the crossroads of the Americas. Our collective genetic makeup is as diverse as our history, and is evident by the music, art, dance, food, architecture, literature, and customs.

The Maternal X-DNA chromosomes, mtDNA Haplogroups, Paternal Y-DNA Haplogroups, and general Autosomal DNA results found here through our Family Tree DNA portal have confirmed roots tracing to Spain, Portugal, West Africa, Canary Islands, and across the Caribbean, along with Indigenous populations of the Antilles, & South / Central American regions.

We also have members of French, Irish, English, Italian, German, Mexican, Japanese, Chinese, Jewish, Middle Eastern, Scandinavian, and Central European origins who have also contributed to Cuban culture and history, on the island and beyond.

See the DNA Results and the Surnames at the left column of this page.
-------------------------------------------------------
NOTE - August 2026: Beginning August 18, 2026, FTDNA has introduced an upgraded version of its original autosomal DNA test, Family Finder with Next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Whether you are new to FTDNA, or if you already have tested before, the new Family Finder NGS will provide a reliable method for keeping your DNA sample up-to-date with ongoing upgrades, at a low, one-time cost.


For accurate results, take a fresh test from FTDNA:


Unlike other test companies, FTDNA does not charge annual subscription rates. Here you can always see your DNA matches, surnames, genealogical trees, and Paternal Y-DNA / Maternal mtDNA Haplogroups.

IF YOU OR FAMILY MEMBERS HAVE TESTED WITH ANOTHER COMPANY, you may get started in FTDNA with a New Account and Upload DNA tests onto FTDNA, at no cost.
Here is the link: www.familytreedna.com/autosomal-transfer

FamilyTreeDNA accepts DNA Uploads from the following companies at no cost :


Please note: Project Administrators for this group are independent genealogists, researchers, and volunteers. Project Administrators not paid employees of Family Tree DNA.":1,"#Whittaker - Surnames - FamilyTreeDNA":1,"#Whittaker - Photos - FamilyTreeDNA":1,"#Are you a member of the Whittaker project?":1,"#Whittaker - Resultados de ADN - FamilyTreeDNA":1,"#Search or browse our index of about 12,357 projects related to a surname or geographical area of interest.":1,"#Your Kit Number: B1295014":1,"#You’ll receive an email at mmsanay1992@gmail.com, with your account details and temporary password.":1,"#Abraham Breler/Breland b.1730 d. 1805":1,"#What is a Haplotree?A haplotree is a genetic family tree of humankind. It traces paternal (Y-DNA) or maternal (mtDNA) lineages back to a shared ancient ancestor—often referred to as \"Y-Chromosome A...":1,"#What is a Haplotree?A haplotree is a genetic family tree of humankind. It traces paternal (Y-DNA) or maternal (mtDNA) lineages back to a...":1,"#Step 7.png":1,"#Step 6.png":1,"#Step 5.png":1,"#Step 4.png":1,"#Step 3.png":1,"#Step 2.png":1,"#Step 1.png":1,"#this blog article":1,"#For information on how we determine the absolute dates for SNPs - How many years ago the SNP first occured - cheeck out":1,"#This is a very simplified version of how we build a tree with relative dates. We know how each of these SNPs relate to the others, and by extension, how living test takers relate to one another. As more data is added, the tree becomes more and more useful for genealogists to connect SNPs with known ancestors. This connects past to present and helps get past brick walls where the paper trail has gone cold. Some haplogroups are much larger than others, yet all continue to grow as more and more members of those haplogroups take Y-DNA testing and more and more connections are made.":1,"#Applications to genealogy":1,"#will do the same thing, and so on.":1,"#As the tree grows, SNP":1,"#We now have enough detail (also called granularity) of where each SNP relates to the other SNPs, that we can identify where a person should fit based on the presence or absence a single SNP. In this example, we can tell where a person would fit based solely by the presence or absence of SNP D. Anyone with SNP D will automatically belong to the ABCD branch, even if we do not test specifically for SNPs A, B, and C.":1,"#also comes closer to the present generation as more recent SNPs are discovered and added.":1,"#TMRCA)":1,"#Time to Most Recent Common Ancestor":1,"#We continually build this tree further as more test takers are added. We also start to see more sub-branches occur. The":1,"#remain on the parent level.":1,"#, while testers carrying":1,"#forms a new downstream branch under":1,"#is younger than":1,"#with existing testers, mutation":1,"#shares":1,"#. Since":1,"#As database participation grows, a tester reveals mutations":1,"#established parent branch with multiple distinct descendant lines.":1,"#level. This confirms that":1,"#branch at the":1,"#, they sit alongside the":1,"#branch but lacks mutation":1,"#with the":1,"#. Because this individual shares":1,"#Another tester joins the database with":1,"#is dated as a younger mutation. The tree extends downward, defining a new sub-branch (or subclade) marked by":1,"#with the previous tester but also possesses a new mutation (":1,"#. Since this individual shares":1,"#A new test taker enters the database carrying SNPs":1,"#branching below it as a downstream lineage.":1,"#higher up on the tree as the ancestral node, with":1,"#. This places":1,"#would also have":1,"#, then everyone who had":1,"#were as old, or older, than":1,"#arose. If":1,"#must have occurred in a common ancestor before mutation":1,"#, mutation":1,"#Because both individuals share":1,"#but lacks SNP":1,"#A second individual tests positive for SNP":1,"#. At this stage, without additional comparison data, we know these two SNPs are linked, but we cannot yet confirm their chronological order.":1,"#We start with an initial test taker in our database who tests positive for mutations":1,"#We do this using a process called phylogenetic reconstruction. The example below illustrates this process. In reality each SNP has an alphanumeric designation (such as M269 or FGC102328, but for simplicity's sake, we will refer to each SNP simply by a letter: A, B, C, etc.":1,"#We know that each SNP represents an ancestor, but when did those ancestors live? If we find multiple SNPs in a single individual, how do we know the relative age of them? In other words, which ones represent ancient ancestors, and which ones are more recent? Even if we test ancient remains, as is more and more common in recent years, we still find many SNPs within that ancient DNA, so the question remains: What is the relative age of these?":1,"#Relative Dating":1,"#Unshared SNPs mark a split in the lineage, showing that the shared ancestor existed further back in time.":1,"#Shared SNPs indicate a shared common ancestor.":1,"#Comparing SNPs between two individuals reveals where their ancestral lines connect:":1,"#How Lineages Split":1,"#SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) - A specific genetic mutation that defines a haplogroup or subclade. Each SNP originated in a single ancestor at a specific point in history.":1,"#Subclades - Smaller, more specific sub-branches within a larger haplogroup.":1,"#Haplogroup - A branch on the haplotree representing a group of individuals who share a common ancestor and specific genetic markers.":1,"#Haplogroups and SNPs":1,"#As human populations migrated over generations, distinct genetic mutations occurred. By tracking these mutations, the haplotree illustrates how and when different lineages split apart over time.":1,"#A haplotree is a genetic family tree of humankind. It traces paternal (Y-DNA) or maternal (mtDNA) lineages back to a shared ancient ancestor—often referred to as \"Y-Chromosome Adam\" for Y-DNA.":1,"#What is a Haplotree?":1,"#Amer Ros Valentí, 1817-1890":1,"#musick":1,"#GERALD JOSEPH MANNIX, B. 1904 D. 1976":1,"#Martin Hinojosa b.1911 and d. 1990":1,"#James Hiles":1,"#toggle J-FTB64712":1,"#toggle J-ZS4781":1,"#toggle J-FTE80250":1,"#toggle J-FT384305":1,"#toggle J-ZS6873":1,"#toggle J-FTB1405":1,"#toggle J-ZS6868":1,"#toggle J-FTA63839":1,"#toggle J-FT163310":1,"#toggle J-ZS6236":1,"#toggle J-SK1301":1,"#toggle J-SK1300":1,"#toggle J-FT198999":1,"#toggle J-FT8341":1,"#toggle J-FT8678":1,"#toggle J-ZS1737":1,"#toggle J-FT41076":1,"#toggle J-FT58601":1,"#toggle J-ZS5563":1,"#toggle J-ZS7308":1,"#toggle J-ZS1766":1,"#toggle J-FTK215":1,"#toggle J-FTE55355":1,"#toggle J-FGC12309":1,"#toggle J-ZS5891":1,"#toggle J-Y64437":1,"#toggle J-ZS7074":1,"#toggle J-ZS1713":1,"#toggle J-ZS4837":1,"#toggle J-ZS1706":1,"#You have an ancient connection with the Historical Portuguese cultural group. This haplogroup connection is relatively rare compared to other customer results. Take a look at your Ancient Connections to learn more.":1,"#You have an ancient connection with the Baqah cultural group. This haplogroup connection is relatively rare compared to other customer results. Take a look at your Ancient Connections to learn more.":1,"#You have an ancient connection with the Eneolithic Steppe cultural group. This haplogroup connection is relatively rare compared to other customer results. Take a look at your Ancient Connections to learn more.":1,"#You have an ancient connection with the Canaanite cultural group. This haplogroup connection is relatively rare compared to other customer results. Take a look at your Ancient Connections to learn more.":1,"#There are new posts in the Caithness & Sutherland (Counties) Project!":1,"#There are new posts in the Sullivan/O'Sullivan Project!":1,"#There are new posts in the North Carolina Early 1700s Project!":1,"#There are new posts in the Australian Citizens Project!":1,"#There are new posts in the Buchanan Project!":1,"#There are new posts in the Scots-Irish Project!":1,"#There are new posts in the Cambria Co., Pennsylvania Y-DNA Project Project!":1,"#There are new posts in the Douglas, Douglass, D Project!":1,"#There are new posts in the Stewart Clan Project!":1,"#There are new posts in the Jämtland Härjedalen Project!":1,"#There are new posts in the New York State DNA Project!":1,"#There are new posts in the Cape Dutch / Kaaps-Hollands Project!":1,"#There are new posts in the Cenel Eoghain Y DNA Project Project!":1,"#There are new posts in the McLaughlin Project!":1,"#Jean Pivoteau (1666-1741)":1,"#Rafael Roiz":1,"#H18b":1,"#L2b1a3":1,"#T1a5a":1,"#You have successfully set up a recovery email dieguii.lpz@gmail.com. If you wish to use a different recovery email in the case that you cannot access your main email, click the Reset button below.":1,"#You have successfully set up two-factor authentication using sadiegolopez@gmail.com as your two-factor authentication email. If you wish to receive your verification codes at a different email address, click the Reset button below.":1,"#Gibbs Surname DNA Proj - News - FamilyTreeDNA":1,"#These are the best prices, marker for marker, of any company in the market. Order a kit at the low price and take it with you to the next Family Reunion!":1,"#mtDNAPlus – promotional price $119 (reg. price $149)":1,"#Y-DNA67 – promotional price $199 (reg. price $238)":1,"#Y-DNA37 – promotional price $119 (reg. price $149)":1,"#July 2009 promotion for NEW members:":1,"#Gibbs Surname DNA Proj - Links - FamilyTreeDNA":1,"#www.wnconline.net/~hermes/gsdnap/":1,"#Gibbs Surname DNA Proj - Photos - FamilyTreeDNA":1,"#Are you a member of the Gibbs Surname DNA Proj project?":1,"#Gibbs Surname DNA Proj - Surnames - FamilyTreeDNA":1,"#Gibbs Surname DNA Proj - Overview - FamilyTreeDNA":1,"#Applying the science of genetics to help sort out living Gibbs lineages around the world. We have successfully established genetic connections for 49 participants to one of 9 distinctly different lineages that bear the Gibbs surname. We also have test results for unmatched participants who can be traced to 21 other Gibbs lineages. Knowing which Gibbs lineages they are related to, or are not related to, gives our participants a tremendous advantage in locating their roots; saving them enormous amounts of time and money that would otherwise be spent tracing false leads. If you are a male with the Gibbs surname your lineage could be among those we have test results for, or you could represent an entirely new lineage not previously known to our project. Females can participate too, via a Gibbs male blood relative. 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Please enter the 6-digit verification code.":1,"#E-FTH94786":1,"#L-FT394562":1,"#Michael Bosan":1,"#Countries haplogroup R-BY410":1,"#Countries haplogroup R-BY19651":1,"#Countries haplogroup R-BY19650":1,"#R-BY19651 and Downstream (Including other Letters)":1,"#R-BY19651 and Downstream (Excluding other Letters)":1,"#Country Report: Y-DNA Haplogroup R-BY19651":1,"#R-BY106925 and Downstream (Including other Letters)":1,"#R-BY106925 and Downstream (Excluding other Letters)":1,"#Country Report: Y-DNA Haplogroup R-BY106925":1,"#R-Z21893 and Downstream (Including other Letters)":1,"#R-Z21893 and Downstream (Excluding other Letters)":1,"#R-BY279 and Downstream (Including other Letters)":1},"version":389866}]